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Typical travel guides have sections on architecture, art, literature, music and cinema. Rarely are any science-related sites identified. For example, a current travel guide for Germany contains one tidbit on science: Einstein is identified as the most famous citizen of Ulm. By contrast, this travel guide walks a tourist through Berlin and identifies where Max Planck started the quantum revolution, where Einstein lived and gave his early talks on general relativity, and where, across the street, Einstein's books were burned by the Nazis. Or, if you are walking in Paris, this guide tells you where radioactivity was discovered and where radium was discovered. Scientific discoveries of the past, like art of the past, has shaped life in the 21st century. From this travel guide, a tourist will learn what other guides leave out.

History of physics --- geschiedenis --- fysica

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Ons verlangen om te willen weten is oneindig: wat is de oorsprong van het heelal, wat is tijd, wat zijn zwarte gaten, hoe zit de kosmos in elkaar? Deze vragen vormen het uitgangspunt van Carlo Rovellis Zeven korte beschouwingen over natuurkunde. In dit overzichtelijke boek behandelt hij de belangrijkste ontwikkelingen in de twintigste-eeuwse natuurkunde. Zo bespreekt hij Einsteins relativiteitstheorie, de kwantummechanica en zwarte gaten, de architectuur van het heelal en andere brandende kwesties met betrekking tot de fysische wereld.

History of physics --- Physics --- Fysica --- Natuurkunde

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This book examines the introduction of Marxist philosophy to China from the early 1920s to the mid 1940s. It does this through an examination of the philosophical activities and writings of four Chinese Marxist philosophers central to this process. These are Qu Qiubai, Ai Siqi, Li Da and Mao Zedong. The book sets the philosophical writings of these philosophers in the context of the development of Marxist philosophy internationally, and examines particularly the influence on these philosophers of Soviet Marxist philosophy. It argues that these Chinese Marxist philosophers' interpretations of Marxist philosophy were quite orthodox when judged by the standards of contemporary Soviet Marxism. The book explores core themes in Marxist philosophy in China, including the dilemma of determinism, and investigates the way in which these Chinese Marxist philosophers sought a formula for the ˜Sinification' of Marxist philosophy that both retained the universal dimensions of Marxism and allowed its application to the Chinese context. The book concludes with analysis of the role of the Yanan New Philosophy Association in developing from Soviet Marxist philosophy the philosophical dimension of Mao Zedong Thought, the official ideology of the Chinese Communist Party after 1945.

Philosophy --- History of philosophy --- filosofie --- geschiedenis --- China

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Published in English for the first time, this is the updated version of Dall'età cartesiana a Brucker, the second part of the monumental multi-volume Storia delle storie generali della filosofia. The translation of the first volume, edited by C.W.T. Blackwell and Ph. Weller and published by Kluwer in 1993, covered the development of philosophical historiography from its origins in the Renaissance to the birth of the general history of philosophy as a genre in its own right. The present volume guides the reader from the historiographical effects of the Cartesian rejection of ˜philosophical past' up to the establishment of a ˜critical' or ˜philosophical' history of philosophy. In the space of one hundred years, from the mid-17th to the mid-18th century, a momentous theoretical and methodological shift occurred, marking the transition from an ˜erudite' historiography to new ˜systematic' styles embodied by authors like Bayle, Boureau-Deslandes, Brucker, Heumann. The numerous works on the history of philosophy published during this century vastly contributed to the culture of the Enlightenment, creating a representation of the past distinctive to this crucial period of European intellectual history.   The volume offers a detailed examination of 36 works, either general histories of philosophy, or texts such as Bayle's Dictionnaire which have strongly influenced the development of the genre, and is valuable for intellectual history, philosophy and the history of philosophy, the history of literature and the history of religion. It can be used both for undergraduate courses (for specific reading assignments) and as background material for graduate courses. The bibliography provides important aids to many topics which were previously difficult to access.

Philosophy --- History of philosophy --- filosofie --- geschiedenis

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There is a close connection in Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz's mind between the notions of self and substance. R. W. Meyer, in his classic 1948 text, Leibnitz and the Seventeenth-Century Revolution, writes that the monad ¦ is nothing but a 1 représentation (in both senses of the French word) of Leibniz's personality in metaphysical symbols; and there was, under contemporary circumstances, no need 2 to ˜introduce' this concept apart from ˜propounding' it.  It is not clear what Meyer means here except that from the consideration of his own self, in some way Leibniz comes to his concept of simple substance, or monad. Herbert Carr, in an even earlier work, notes that Leibniz held that the only real unities in nature are formal, not material. ¦ [and] [f]or a long time Leibniz was content to call the formal unities or substantial forms he was speaking about, souls. This had the advantage that it referred at once to the fact of experience which supplies the very 3 type of a substantial form, the self or ego.  Finally, Nicholas Rescher, in his usual forthright manner, states that [i]n all of Leibniz's expositions of his philosophy, 4 the human person is the paradigm of a substance.

Metaphysics --- History of philosophy --- filosofie --- geschiedenis --- metafysica